Which type of status is gained through personal effort and accomplishments?

Achieved status refers to a social position that an individual attains as a result of their own actions, choices, and successes. This contrasts with ascribed status, which is assigned at birth or involuntarily received, such as race, gender, or family lineage. Achieved status emphasizes the idea of meritocracy, where one’s efforts, skills, education, and personal achievements contribute to their social standing. For example, becoming a doctor or a professor involves extensive education, training, and personal commitment, thereby reflecting an achieved status.

The other options don’t align with this definition. Equivalent status is not a recognized sociological term and does not illustrate the concept of social hierarchy or individual accomplishment. Situational status refers to status that can change depending on the specific context or situation, rather than being a fixed attribute developed through personal effort.