Which of the following characteristics is NOT typically associated with race?

The characteristic that is typically not associated with race is religious beliefs. While race often encompasses certain physical attributes, such as skin color, hair texture, and other biological features, as well as cultural practices that may arise from the historical and social contexts of various racial groups, religious beliefs are more a product of individual or social choice rather than an inherent characteristic assigned by race.

Religious beliefs can vary widely among individuals of the same racial or ethnic background and are influenced heavily by personal, familial, and community affiliations, as well as historical experiences. In contrast, physical attributes are often the primary markers that define race in sociological discourse, while cultural practices can derive from shared social experiences within a racial group. Genetics may play a role in physical attributes associated with race, but religious beliefs remain distinctly separate from these biological and cultural definitions of race.