What is defined as a complex group of interdependent positions that perform a social role?

The correct answer is social institution, as it encapsulates the concept of a structured system consisting of various roles and positions that collectively contribute to the functioning of society. Social institutions are established patterns of behavior and relationships that take on significant importance in shaping societal norms and structures. Each position within the institution serves a specific function that contributes to the overarching social role it plays, such as education, family, religion, or economy.

These institutions are vital for the organization and governance of social life, providing stability and continuity. For instance, the education system is tasked with transmitting knowledge and social norms, while the family serves as a unit of emotional support and socialization. Understanding social institutions helps us to analyze how different roles and structures interact within a society, thereby facilitating a more coherent understanding of social dynamics and the function of various groups and organizations in shaping human behavior.