What does the term "socialization" refer to?

The term "socialization" refers to the process by which individuals learn values, norms, and behaviors that are essential for functioning effectively within their society. This lifelong process begins in early childhood and continues throughout one's life, shaping how individuals perceive the world and interact with others. It encompasses learning from various agents such as family, peers, education systems, and media, which all contribute to developing one's identity and social skills.

Understanding socialization is crucial in sociology because it helps explain the ways in which culture and societal expectations are passed down from one generation to another. Without the process of socialization, individuals would struggle to understand societal roles and appropriate behaviors, leading to difficulties in social interactions and integration into the community.