In sociology, what does "globalization" refer to?

Globalization refers to the interconnectedness of countries facilitated by trade and communication. This concept encompasses a wide range of processes that involve economic, political, and cultural exchanges on a global scale. The rise of technology and communication has significantly reduced barriers between nations, leading to increased interaction, collaboration, and interdependence among countries.

Globalization is characterized by the expansion of international trade, investment, and the movement of people and ideas across borders, creating a more integrated world. This phenomenon allows cultures to share practices and values, influences economies and labor markets, and fosters global networks. Understanding globalization is essential in sociology as it illustrates how local events can be affected by global processes, shaping societies in numerous ways.