Humiliating rituals that aim to erode identities are known as:

Rituals that aim to humiliate individuals and erode their identities are referred to as degradation ceremonies. These ceremonies are often used in various social contexts, such as in certain forms of punishment or ritualistic practices that strip away a person's previous social identity, thereby facilitating a transition to a new identity, often in total institutions like prisons or military settings. The process can involve public shaming and significant emotional distress, highlighting the power dynamics at play in the relationship between the individual and the institution.

In contrast, the other options describe processes or rituals that generally focus on positive outcomes. Empowerment sessions are designed to uplift individuals, enhancing their self-worth and confidence. Therapeutic encounters are structured to foster psychological healing and personal growth, and identity affirmations seek to solidify and validate a person’s sense of self, directly opposing the concept of degradation. Thus, the defining characteristics of degradation ceremonies are crucial for understanding their role in social interaction and identity dynamics.